Search | Engineering

订阅投稿

首页工程期刊工程焦点工程成就工程前沿关于我们 English

资源类型

期刊论文 748

会议视频 14

会议信息 1

年份

2023 72

2022 74

2021 67

2020 49

2019 52

2018 47

2017 53

2016 32

2015 23

2014 31

2013 25

2012 18

2011 26

2010 29

2009 28

2008 35

2007 27

2006 15

2005 7

2004 5

展开︾

关键词

城镇建设 4

三十烷醇 3

人工智能 2

元胞自动机模型 2

医院中子照射器 2

固体氧化物燃料电池 2

性能化 2

效果评估 2

核电厂 2

核电站 2

植物生长调节剂 2

目标识别 2

高温气冷堆 2

(美国) 核管理委员会 1

2022全球工程前沿 1

Tetrasphaera 1

ACP1000 1

AD9954 1

AP1000 1

展开︾

检索范围：

排序：展示方式：

Viability of a concentrated solar power system in a low sun belt prefecture

Rahul BHATTACHARJEE, Subhadeep BHATTACHARJEE

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第4期页码 850-866 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0664-5

摘要： Concentrating solar power (CSP) is considered as a comparatively economical, more efficient, and large capacity type of renewable energy technology. However, CSP generation is found restricted only to high solar radiation belt and installed where high direct normal irradiance is available. This paper examines the viability of the adoption of the CSP system in a low sun belt region with a lower direct normal irradiance (DNI). Various critical analyses and plant economics have been evaluated with a lesser DNI state. The obtained results out of the designed system, subjected to low DNI are not found below par, but comparable to some extent with the performance results of such CSP plants at a higher DNI. The analysis indicates that incorporation of the thermal energy storage reduces the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) and augments the plant capacity factor. The capacity factor, the plant efficiency, and the LCOE are found to be 32.50%, 17.56%, and 0.1952 $/kWh, respectively.

关键词： concentrated solar power direct normal irradiance plant performance plant economics thermal energy storage

HTML PDF 收藏

A coal-fired power plant integrated with biomass co-firing and CO capture for zero carbon emission

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第2期页码 307-320 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0790-8

摘要： A promising scheme for coal-fired power plants in which biomass co-firing and carbon dioxide capture technologies are adopted and the low-temperature waste heat from the CO₂ capture process is recycled to heat the condensed water to achieve zero carbon emission is proposed in this paper. Based on a 660 MW supercritical coal-fired power plant, the thermal performance, emission performance, and economic performance of the proposed scheme are evaluated. In addition, a sensitivity analysis is conducted to show the effects of several key parameters on the performance of the proposed system. The results show that when the biomass mass mixing ratio is 15.40% and the CO₂ capture rate is 90%, the CO₂ emission of the coal-fired power plant can reach zero, indicating that the technical route proposed in this paper can indeed achieve zero carbon emission in coal-fired power plants. The net thermal efficiency decreases by 10.31%, due to the huge energy consumption of the CO₂ capture unit. Besides, the cost of electricity (COE) and the cost of CO₂ avoided (COA) of the proposed system are 80.37 $/MWh and 41.63 $/tCO₂, respectively. The sensitivity analysis demonstrates that with the energy consumption of the reboiler decreasing from 3.22 GJ/tCO₂ to 2.40 GJ/ tCO₂, the efficiency penalty is reduced to 8.67%. This paper may provide reference for promoting the early realization of carbon neutrality in the power generation industry.

关键词： coal-fired power plant biomass co-firing CO₂ capture zero carbon emission performance evaluation

HTML PDF 收藏

Impacts of solar multiple on the performance of direct steam generation solar power tower plant with

Yan LUO, Xiaoze DU, Lijun YANG, Chao XU, Muhammad AMJAD

《能源前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第4期页码 461-471 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0503-5

摘要： Solar multiple (SM) and thermal storage capacity are two key design parameters for revealing the performance of direct steam generation (DSG) solar power tower plant. In the case of settled land area, SM and thermal storage capacity can be optimized to obtain the minimum levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) by adjusting the power generation output. Taking the dual-receiver DSG solar power tower plant with a given size of solar field equivalent electricity of 100 MW in Sevilla as a reference case, the minimum LCOE is 21.77 ￠/kWh with an SM of 1.7 and a thermal storage capacity of 3 h. Besides Sevilla, two other sites are also introduced to discuss the influence of annual DNI. When compared with the case of Sevilla, the minimum LCOE and optimal SM of the San Jose site change just slightly, while the minimum LCOE of the Bishop site decreases by 32.8% and the optimal SM is reduced to 1.3. The influence of the size of solar field equivalent electricity is studied as well. The minimum LCOE decreases with the size of solar field, while the optimal SM and thermal storage capacity still remain unchanged. In addition, the sensitivity of different investment in sub-system is investigated. In terms of optimal SM and thermal storage capacity, they can decrease with the cost of thermal storage system but increase with the cost of power generation unit.

关键词： direct steam generation solar power tower solar multiple thermal energy storage capacity levelized cost of electricity (LCOE)

HTML PDF 收藏

Detecting

Chengkun WANG, Xiaojian ZHANG, Jun WANG, Chao CHEN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第6期页码 770-777 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0412-0

摘要： nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and several other nitrosamines have been detected as disinfection by-products in drinking waters in many countries around the world. An ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method with solid phase extraction sample preparation was developed to study the occurrence of nitrosamines in several water treatment plants and distribution systems in China. Isotope labeled nitrosodi- propylamine-d14 (NDPA-d14) was selected as the internal standard for quantification. The solid phase extraction procedures including pH, enrichment process and MS/MS parameters including capillary voltage, cone gas flow, cone voltage, collision energy were optimized to give average recoveries of 26% to 112% for nine nitrosamine species. The instrument detection limits were estimated to range from 0.5 to 5 μg·L for the nine nitrosamine species. NDMA and several other nitrosamines were found at fairly high concentrations in several water treatment plants and distribution systems. NDMA was found in all locations, and the highest concentrations in cities B, G, T, and W were 3.0, 35.7, 21.3, and 19.7 ng·L , respectively. A wide range of nitrosamines concentrations and species were observed in different locations. Higher concentrations of nitrosamines were detected in distribution systems that were further away from the treatment plants, suggesting that the contact time between the residual disinfectant and natural organic matter may play an important role in the formation of these compounds.

关键词： N-nitrosamines water treatment plant distribution system ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

HTML PDF 收藏

IN VITRO ACTIVITY OF EXTRACTS OF FIVE MEDICINAL PLANT SPECIES ON PLANT PATHOGENIC FUNGI

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第4期页码 635-644 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE -2020343

摘要：

The antifungal effectiveness of extracts of five medicinal plant species was determined. The inhibitory activity of extracts of Eucalyptus tereticornis, Xanthium sibiricum, Artemisia argyi, Tupistra chinensis and Pyrola calliantha were evaluated against the mycelial growth of the plant pathogenic fungi Aspergillus niger, Botrytis cinerea, Penicillium digitatum, P. expansum, P. italicumand Rhizopus stolonifer. All plant extracts were prepared at 60°C using solvents (either water, 50% ethanol (v/v), 95% ethanol (v/v), ethyl acetate or petroleum ether). Fungicidal effects of all plants tested were confirmed. Different extracts from the same plant species gave different degrees of inhibition. All aqueous extracts had weak or no activity on all fungi tested. Ethyl acetate and 95% ethanol extracts from T. chinensis rhizomes gave greater inhibition and a broader spectrum inhibition than the other extracts. T. chinensis may have potential as a new natural fungicide and may be used for the preservation of agricultural and forestry products such as fruits and vegetables.

关键词： Botrytis cinerea / food preservation / plant diseases / plant pathogenic fungi / Tupistra chinensis

HTML PDF 收藏

integrated-bioreactor with two zones treating odours from sludge thickening tank and dewatering house: performance

Jianwei Liu, Kaixiong Yang, Lin Li, Jingying Zhang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0932-8

摘要： A full-scale integrated-bioreactor consisting of a suspended zone and an immobilized zone was employed to treat the ordours emitted from a wastewater treatment plant. The inlet concentrations of H S and NH were 1.6–38.6 mg·m and 0.1–6.7 mg·m , respectively, while the steady-state outlet concentrations were reduced to 0–2.8 mg·m for H S and 0–0.5 mg·m for NH . Both H S and NH were eliminated effectively by the integrated bioreactor. The removal efficiencies of H S and NH differed between the two zones. Four species of microorganisms related to the degradation of H S and NH were isolated. The characteristics and distributions of the microbes in the bioreactor depended on the inlet concentration of substrates and the micro-environmental conditions in the individual zones. Product analysis indicated that most of the H S was oxidized into sulfate in the immobilized zone but was dissolved into the liquid phase in the suspended zone. A large amount of NH was converted into nitrate and nitrite by nitration in the suspended zone, whereas only a small amount of NH was transferred to the aqueous phase mainly by absorption or chemical neutralization in the immobilized zone. Different microbial populations dominated the individual zones, and the major biodegradation products varied accordingly.

关键词： Biological deodorization Microbial characteristics Ammonia Hydrogen sulfide Wastewater treatment plant

HTML PDF 收藏

ACTIVITY OF EXTRACTS OF FIVE MEDICINAL PLANT SPECIES ON PLANT PATHOGENIC FUNGI

Shufeng YAO, Jiali XU, Haibo ZHANG, Hong GAO, Shibin SHANG, Dan WANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第4期页码 635-644 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020343

摘要： The antifungal effectiveness of extracts of five medicinal plant species was determined. The inhibitory activity of extracts of , , , and were evaluated against the mycelial growth of the plant pathogenic fungi , , and . All plant extracts were prepared at 60°C using solvents (either water, 50% ethanol ( ), 95% ethanol ( ), ethyl acetate or petroleum ether). Fungicidal effects of all plants tested were confirmed. Different extracts from the same plant species gave different degrees of inhibition. All aqueous extracts had weak or no activity on all fungi tested. Ethyl acetate and 95% ethanol extracts from rhizomes gave greater inhibition and a broader spectrum inhibition than the other extracts. may have potential as a new natural fungicide and may be used for the preservation of agricultural and forestry products such as fruits and vegetables.

关键词： Botrytis cinerea food preservation plant diseases plant pathogenic fungi Tupistra chinensis

HTML PDF 收藏

An introduction to the medicinal plant genome project

Shilin Chen, Li Xiang, Xu Guo, Qiushi Li

《医学前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第2期页码 178-184 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0131-0

摘要： In recent years, genomics has developed rapidly with the application of next-generation sequencing technology. However, very few studies have been carried out on genomics for medicinal plants. This paper introduces the genome research of medicinal plants, including genome sequencing, assembly, annotation, and functional genomics, to set up the foundation for the development of natural medicines and the selection of cultivars with good agricultural traits. This study places the study on traditional Chinese medicine into the frontier field of life science.

关键词： genomics medicinal plant sequencing application

HTML PDF 收藏

核电站核安全相关结构基于性能指标的抗震概率设计评估方法探究

陈矛,卢实

《中国工程科学》 2013年第15卷第4期页码 57-61

摘要：

本文介绍了美国核电站基于性能指标的核安全相关抗震概率设计方法（performance-based method，PBM）的发展，较为系统地对

关键词：核电厂核安全系统、结构及部件基于性能抗震概率极限值

HTML PDF 收藏

HEMIPTERAN-TRANSMITTED PLANT VIRUSES: RESEARCH PROGRESS AND CONTROL STRATEGIES

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第9卷第1期页码 98-109 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021389

摘要：

About 80% of plant viruses are transmitted by specific insect vectors, especially hemipterans with piercing-sucking mouthparts. Many virus-transmitting insects are also important crop pests that cause considerable losses in crop production. This review summarizes the latest research findings on the interactions between plant viruses and insect vectors and analyzes the key factors affecting insect transmission of plant viruses from the perspectives of insect immunity, insect feeding, and insect symbiotic microorganisms. Additionally, by referring to the latest applications for blocking the transmission of animal viruses, potential control strategies to prevent the transmission of insect-vectored plant viruses using RNAi technology, gene editing technology, and CRISPR/Cas9+ gene-driven technology are discussed.

关键词： control strategies / feeding / immunity / insect vector / microorganism / plant virus

HTML PDF 收藏

Intelligent diagnosis methods for plant machinery

Huaqing WANG, Peng CHEN, Shuming WANG,

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第5卷第1期页码 118-124 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0084-z

摘要： This paper reports several intelligent diagnostic approaches based on artificial neural network and fuzzy algorithm for plant machinery, such as the diagnosis method using the wavelet transform, rough sets, and fuzzy neural network; the diagnosis method based on the sequential inference and fuzzy neural network; the diagnosis approach by the possibility theory and certainty factor model; and the diagnosis method on the basis of the adaptive filtering technique and fuzzy neural network. These intelligent diagnostic methods have been successfully applied to condition diagnosis in different types of practical plant machinery.

关键词： intelligent diagnosis neural network fuzzy algorithm adaptive filtering plant machinery

HTML PDF 收藏

Systems understanding of plant–pathogen interactions through genome-wide protein–protein interaction

Hong LI,Ziding ZHANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第3卷第2期页码 102-112 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016100

摘要： Plants are frequently affected by pathogen infections. To effectively defend against such infections, two major modes of innate immunity have evolved in plants; pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity and effector-triggered immunity. Although the molecular components as well as the corresponding pathways involved in these two processes have been identified, many aspects of the molecular mechanisms of the plant immune system remain elusive. Recently, the rapid development of omics techniques (e.g., genomics, proteomics and transcriptomics) has provided a great opportunity to explore plant–pathogen interactions from a systems perspective and studies on protein–protein interactions (PPIs) between plants and pathogens have been carried out and characterized at the network level. In this review, we introduce experimental and computational identification methods of PPIs, popular PPI network analysis approaches, and existing bioinformatics resources/tools related to PPIs. Then, we focus on reviewing the progress in genome-wide PPI networks related to plant–pathogen interactions, including pathogen-centric PPI networks, plant-centric PPI networks and interspecies PPI networks between plants and pathogens. We anticipate genome-wide PPI network analysis will provide a clearer understanding of plant–pathogen interactions and will offer some new opportunities for crop protection and improvement.

关键词： plant–pathogen interactions systems biology omics plant immunity protein–protein interaction network

HTML PDF 收藏

Causations of failure in megaprojects: A case study of the Ajaokuta Steel Plant project

Oluwole Alfred OLATUNJI

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第3期页码 334-346 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2018011

摘要：

This paper uses project organizational theories to draw lessons from a historic megaproject, the Ajaokuta Steel Plant (ASP). Archival reports on the ASP were explored to identify the unique attributes of the project; the political wrangling that underplayed its evolution, its economic significance and organizational impacts. Findings suggest the goals of the ASP project were, and still are, unambiguous. Failure occurred as socio-political forces aggravated the project’s complex milestones. Stakeholders were impatient with pre-project investigations. During planning, owners ignored opinions that were contrary to their expectations. While delays lingered, pressures from the global economy weakened the project’s motivation to succeed. These combined to turn the project’s outcomes into a chaotic situation that triggered dire implications. Despite about 1400% overrun in cost, the success achieved on the plant was 28% at commissioning. Contractors remained on site until eight years after commissioning. Six key elements of the 482 items in the ASP project contract were not delivered nearly 40 years on. A simplistic look at these suggests poor planning is the main problem. However, planning issues is not entirely strange in greenfield projects. The paper draws strength from project organization theories to explain what was poor about the planning. Socrates’ generic management theory was used to explain the role of leadership in the failure of the ASP project. McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y explain the significance of stakeholders’ integration in megaprojects. Systems and chaos theories were used to explain the sensitivity of the ASP project to uncertainties. Narratives on these combine well to inspire stakeholders of megaprojects on where and how to seek courage in making effective plans that can help achieve success in complex projects. While normative literature only recognizes project success in a definitive perspective, this study provides insights from failure as an instrument to trigger sublime reflections.

关键词： industrial projects megaprojects Nigeria project organizational theories steel plant

HTML PDF 收藏

Rhizosphere immunity: targeting the underground for sustainable plant health management

Zhong WEI, Ville-Petri FRIMAN, Thomas POMMIER, Stefan GEISEN, Alexandre JOUSSET, Qirong SHEN

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第7卷第3期页码 317-328 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020346

摘要：

Managing plant health is a great challenge for modern food production and is further complicated by the lack of common ground between the many disciplines involved in disease control. Here we present the concept of rhizosphere immunity, in which plant health is considered as an ecosystem level property emerging from networks of interactions between plants, microbiota and the surrounding soil matrix. These interactions can potentially extend the innate plant immune system to a point where the rhizosphere immunity can fulfil all four core functions of a full immune system: pathogen prevention, recognition, response and homeostasis. We suggest that considering plant health from a meta-organism perspective will help in developing multidisciplinary pathogen management strategies that focus on steering the whole plant-microbe-soil networks instead of individual components. This might be achieved by bringing together the latest discoveries in phytopathology, microbiome research, soil science and agronomy to pave the way toward more sustainable and productive agriculture.

关键词： rhizosphere soil microbiome plant immunity microbial ecology plant health soilborne pathogens

HTML PDF 收藏

秦山核电厂二回路系统水化学的改进

陶钧,孔德萍

《中国工程科学》 2008年第10卷第1期页码 91-96

摘要：

核电厂二回路系统的水质控制与关键重要设备蒸汽发生器的运行寿命有着密切的关系，秦山核电厂运行16年来，随着秦山核电厂二回路系统水化学管理的不断改进，二回路系统的水质不断改善。这些管理改进主要体现在管理理念的改变，二回路系统高AVT（全会法处理方式）处理、对凝结水精处理装置的优化运行以及大修及启动过程的严格控制等。通过这些改进措施的实施，电厂的WANO（世界核营运者协会）化学性能指标从1997年的1.66下降到2006年的1.00，达到了世界先进水平。二回路水化学的改善确保了蒸汽发生器传热管的结构完整性。

关键词：二回路水化学 WANO化学性能指标